Friday of the First week of Lent

Book of Ezekiel 18:21-28.
Thus says the Lord GOD: If the wicked man turns away from all the sins he committed, if he keeps all my statutes and does what is right and just, he shall surely live, he shall not die.
None of the crimes he committed shall be remembered against him; he shall live because of the virtue he has practiced.
Do I indeed derive any pleasure from the death of the wicked? says the Lord GOD. Do I not rather rejoice when he turns from his evil way that he may live?
And if the virtuous man turns from the path of virtue to do evil, the same kind of abominable things that the wicked man does, can he do this and still live? None of his virtuous deeds shall be remembered, because he has broken faith and committed sin; because of this, he shall die.
You say, "The LORD'S way is not fair!" Hear now, house of Israel: Is it my way that is unfair, or rather, are not your ways unfair?
When a virtuous man turns away from virtue to commit iniquity, and dies, it is because of the iniquity he committed that he must die.
But if a wicked man, turning from the wickedness he has committed, does what is right and just, he shall preserve his life;
since he has turned away from all the sins which he committed, he shall surely live, he shall not die.

Psalms 130(129):1-2.3-4.5-7a.7bc-8.
Out of the depths I cry to you, O LORD
LORD, hear my voice!
Let your ears be attentive
to my voice in supplication.

If you, O LORD, mark iniquities,
LORD, who can stand?
But with you is forgiveness,
that you may be revered.

I trust in the LORD;
my soul trusts in his word.
My soul looks for the Lord
more than sentinels for daybreak.
Let Israel wait for the LORD.

For with the LORD is kindness
and with him is plenteous redemption;

And he will redeem Israel
from all their iniquities.

Holy Gospel of Jesus Christ according to Saint Matthew 5:20-26.
Jesus said to his disciples: «I tell you, unless your righteousness surpasses that of the scribes and Pharisees, you will not enter into the Kingdom of heaven.
You have heard that it was said to your ancestors, 'You shall not kill; and whoever kills will be liable to judgment.'
But I say to you, whoever is angry with his brother will be liable to judgment, and whoever says to his brother, 'Raqa,' will be answerable to the Sanhedrin, and whoever says, 'You fool,' will be liable to fiery Gehenna.
Therefore, if you bring your gift to the altar, and there recall that your brother has anything against you,
leave your gift there at the altar, go first and be reconciled with your brother, and then come and offer your gift.
Settle with your opponent quickly while on the way to court with him. Otherwise your opponent will hand you over to the judge, and the judge will hand you over to the guard, and you will be thrown into prison.
Amen, I say to you, you will not be released until you have paid the last penny.

Commentary of the day : Saint Caesarius of Arles
"Go first and be reconciled with your brother"

dailygospel.org/main.php

Santa Matilde di Germania Regina
14 marzo
Santa Matilde, discendente del duca Viduchindo, che aveva guidato i sassoni nella loro lunga battaglia contro Carlo Magno, nacque verso l’895 presso Engern in Sassonia da Teodorico, un conte della Westfalia, e da Rainilde, originaria della real casa danese. Ben presto Matilde fu affidata alle cure della nonna paterna, badessa di Herford, sotto la cui guida crebbe sana e forte, divenendo una donna bella, istruita e devota. Felice si rivelò il matrimonio con il figlio del duca Ottone di Sassonia, Enrico, detto “l’uccellatore” per la sua passione nella caccia del falco. Subito dopo la nascita del loro primogenito Ottone, Enrico succedette al padre e verso il 919, quando re Corrado di Germania morì senza prole, eredito anche il trono tedesco.
A causa delle frequenti guerre Enrico si allontanava spesso da casa e sia lui che i suoi sudditi attribuivano le vittorie conseguite alle preghiere ed al coraggio della regina Matilde, che nel suo palazzo conduceva a tutti gli effetti una vita monacale, generosa e caritatevole verso tutti. Suo marito nutriva nei suoi confronti una cieca fiducia e difficilmente si prendeva la briga di controllare le sue elemosine o si risentiva per le sue pratiche religiose. Nel 936, rimasta vedova, Matilde si spogliò immediatamente di tutti i suoi gioielli rinunciando ai privilegi tipici del suo rango.
Dall’unione tra Enrico e Matilde erano nati cinque figli: Enrico il Litigioso, il futuro imperatore Ottone I, San Bruno arcivescovo di Colonia, Gerburga moglie del re Luigi IV di Francia ed Edvige madre di Ugo Capeto. Enrico avrebbe preferito lasciare il trono al fratello Ottone, ma Matilde tentò di convincere i nobili ad eleggere comunque lui, suo prediletto, ma infine la spuntò Ottone. Enrico inizialmente si ribellò al fratello, ma infine riconobbe la sua supremazia e questi allora, per intercessione di Matilde, lo perdonò e lo nominò duca di Baviera. Suo figlio divenne poi imperatore col nome di Enrico II alla morte di Ottone I.
La regina Matilde conduceva una vita assai austera ed a causa delle sue ingenti elemosine si attirò le ire dei figli: Ottone la accusò infatti di sperperare il tesoro delal corona, le richiese un rendiconto delle sue spese e la fece spiare per tenere sotto controllo ogni suo movimento, ma con suo grande dolore anche il figlio favorito Enrico si schierò con il fratello appoggiando la proposta di far entrare la madre in convento onde evitare ulteriori danni al patrimonio familiare. Matilde sopportò con estrema pazienza tuttò ciò, constatando amaramente come i suoi figli si fossero riappacificati solo per perseguire i loro interessi a suo discapito. Lasciò allora tutta la sua eredità ai figli e si ritirò nella residenza di campagna ove era nata.
Era però destino che la Germania non potesse fare ameno di questa santa donna: appena partita, infatti, Enrico cadde ammalato e sorsero nuovi problemi politici. Sotto pressione del clero e dei nobili, la moglie di Ottone convinse questi a chiedere perdono alla madre, a restituirle il maltolto e richiamarla a partecipare agli affari di stato. Matilde tornò così a corte e riprese anche le sue opere di carità. Enrico continuò comunque ad essere per lei fonte di tormenti: si ribellò nuovamente al fratello Ottone e soppresse in modo sanguinoso una ribellione dei suoi sudditi bavaresi. Nel 955, quando Matilde lo vide per l’ultima volta, ne predisse la morte ed invano lo invitò a tornare sui suoi passi prima che fosse troppo tardi. Ottone invece mostrò rinnovata fiducia nella regina madre, lasciando a lei tutto il potere quando nel 962 dovette recarsi a Roma per ricevere la corona imperiale.
L’ultima riunione di famiglia ebbe luogo tre anni dopo a Colonia, in occasione della Pasqua, poi Matilde si ritirò definitivamente nei monasteri da lei fondati, in particolare a Nordhausen. Verso la fine del 967 una febbre che la disturbava ormai da tempo si aggravò ulteriormente e Matilde, presagendo la sua prossima fine, mandò a cercare Richburga, sua ex dama di compagnia ed ora badessa di Nordhausen, per spiegarle che doveva partire per Quedlinburg, luogo scelto con suo marito per la loro sepoltura. Nel gennaio 968 dunque si trasferì e suo nipote, Guglielmo di Magonza, le fece visita per darle l’assoluzione e l’estrema unzione. Desiderando ricompensarlo, non le restò però che donargli il suo sudario prevedento che ne avrebbe avuto bisogno prima lui: Guglielmo morì infatti dodici giorni prima di lei.
La santa regina spirò il 14 marzo 968 e le sue spoglie mortali erano state appena deposte in chiesa quando giunse una coperta intessuta d’oro mandata dalla figlia Gerburga per adornare il feretro. Il corpo di Matilde venne sepolto accanto a quello del marito e subito iniziò la venerazione popolare nei suoi confronti. Nelle diocesi tedesche di Paderborn, Fulda e Monaco è ancora oggi particolarmente vivo il suo culto. L’iconografia è solita raffigurare Santa Matilde con in mano il modelino di una chiesa o una borsa di denaro, simboli della sua generosità e delle sue fondazioni monastiche, quali Poehlde, Enger, Nordhausen e ben due presso Quedlinburgo.

Autore: Fabio Arduino

14 Mars Sainte Mathilde, Impératrice d'Allemagne († 968)
Sainte Mathilde eut pour ancêtre et pour descendants des princes remarquables, des héros fameux et de grands saints. Elle naquit dans les dernières années du IXe siècle.
Sa mère, après la mort de son époux, quitta le monde et entra dans un monastère. Mathilde fut élevée par des religieuses, sous les yeux maternels. Cette éducation produisit des fruits merveilleux, et l'on ne savait ce qu'il fallait admirer davantage en elle de sa beauté, de ses progrès dans les sciences ou de son habileté dans les travaux de son sexe.
Le duc Othon de Saxe, ravi de tant de belles qualités, rehaussées par une piété rare, la demanda en mariage pour son fils Henri, qui, peu d'années après, devenait empereur d'Allemagne, sous le nom d'Henri Ier. Ce prince était digne d'une telle épouse. Rarement époux eurent une si noble famille: Othon, leur fils aîné, devint empereur et mérita le titre de Grand; Brunon fut archevêque de Cologne, et l'Église l'a mis au rang des saints; une de leur filles fut reine de France. Mais la gloire de Mathilde, c'est avant tout sa sainteté.
Dieu rompit bientôt les liens de ce mariage, dont l'amour divin était l'âme et dont les saintes oeuvres étaient la joie; Henri mourut, jeune encore, malgré les soins dévoués de sa sainte épouse, et sa mort fut pour Mathilde l'objet d'une longue et profonde douleur. Dès lors le monde ne fut plus rien pour elle, et elle ne s'occupa que de sa sanctification.
L'oraison, les jeûnes, l'aumône, la mortification, remplirent sa vie, et les nuits suppléaient à la brièveté des jours pour prolonger ses colloques intimes avec Jésus-Christ. Elle avait coutume de réciter tout le Psautier avant le premier chant du coq. Les pauvres recevaient ses premières et ses dernières visites; elle savait si bien suffire à toutes leurs nécessités, qu'ils n'avaient qu'une voix pour l'appeler leur mère.
L'épreuve est le creuset de la vertu. L'empereur, prévenu contre sa mère, l'exila; mais ce coup douloureux, qu'elle supporta avec une angélique patience, fut bientôt suivi d'une éclatante réparation.
Peu de temps avant sa mort, Mathilde se retira dans un couvent pour se préparer à la mort. On la vit descendre au rang des simples religieuses, remplir avec joie les plus viles fonctions, et donner à toute la communauté l'exemple d'une régularité parfaite. Elle mourut couchée sur un cilice recouvert de cendres, le 14 mars 968.
Abbé L. Jaud, Vie des Saints pour tous les jours de l'année, Tours, Mame, 1950

Heilige Mathilde von Ringelheim
auch: Mechtild
auch: die Heilige
Gedenktag katholisch: 14. März
nicht gebotener Gedenktag im deutschen Sprachgebiet
Diözesankalender Fulda, Paderborn
Gedenktag evangelisch: 14. März
Name bedeutet: die im Kampf Mächtige (althochdt.)
Königin, Wohltäterin, Klostergründerin
* um 895 in Enger bei Herford in Nordrhein-Westfalen
† 14. März 968 in Quedlinburg in Sachsen-Anhalt

Mathilde von Ringelheim war die Tochter des sächsischen Grafen Dietrich, eines Nachfahren von Widukind, und der Reinhild aus dänisch-friesischem Geschlecht. Sie wurde bei ihrer Großmutter, der Äbtissin im Frauenstift Herford, erzogen. Sie wird als schön, anmutig, gelehrt, geschickt berichtet. Herzog Heinrich von Sachsen, auch Heinrich der Vogler genannt, der spätere König Heinrich I., vermählte sich 909 mit ihr in seiner Pfalz in Wallhausen bei Sangerhausen; sie war seine zweite Frau und brachte reiches Erbgut im Raum Herford und Enger in die Ehe ein. Mit ihm bekam sie fünf Kinder, darunter den späteren Kaiser Otto I. und Bruno, den späteren Erzbischof von Köln.

Hans Looschen: Kaiser Otto I. verabschiedet sich vor dem Dom in Nordhausen von seiner Mutter Mathilde, 1912, im 2. Weltkrieg zerstört, Replikat von 2001
Mathilde war eine Frau, die auch schwere Schicksalsschläge wegsteckte: den frühen Tod ihres Mannes 936 und die Probleme der Thronnachfolge, das Misstrauen ihrer Kinder - vor allem ihres Lieblingssohnes Heinrich -, die in der fast grenzenlosen Freigiebigkeit der Mutter und deren Nächstenliebe eine Verschwendung von Throngeldern vermuteten, schließlich den frühen Tod ihres Lieblingssohnes Heinrich. Nach dem Tod ihres Mannes gab sie sich ganz den Werken der Barmherzigkeit hin und benutzte ihren Witwenbesitz, um geistliche Gemeinschaften einzurichten, denen sie die Pflege des Andenkens ihres Mannes und aller verstorbenen Verwandten und Freunde auftrug. So stiftete sie das Frauenstift St. Servatius in Quedlinburg am Grabe Heinrichs und leitete diesen Frauenkonvent dreißig Jahre lang selbst. Auch die Konvente in Pöhlde bei Herzberg am Harz, Enger und Nordhausen gehen auf Mathilde zurück und begründeten ihren Ruf als gute Mutter der Nation.
Mathilde wurde in der Krypta der Stiftskirche St. Servatius in Quedlinburg neben ihrem Mann bestattet.
Zwei Lebensbeschreibungen entstanden wohl 974 in Nordhausen auf Wunsch von Otto I. und um 1002 für König Heinrich II..
Attribute: Königin, Almosen verteilend
Bauernregel: Mathilde noch Schnee / tut den Früchten weh!
Stadlers Vollständiges Heiligenlexikon
Catholic Encyclopedia
Über Königin Mathilde - 1. Königin des ottonischen Reiches informiert die Website Otto der Große.
www.heiligenlexikon.de/BiographienM/Mathilde.htm

March 14 Saint Mathilda Empress († 968)
This princess, the greatest glory of her noble family, was the daughter of Theodoric, a powerful Saxon count, and Reinhilde, a princess of Denmark. Her parents placed her very young in the monastery of Erfort, of which her grandmother Maude had become the Abbess. The young girl became in that house an accomplished model of all virtues and domestic arts. She remained there until her parents married her to the virtuous and valiant Henry, son of Otto, Duke of Saxony, in 913. On the death in 919 of the Emperor of Germany, Conrad I, Henry was chosen by his troops to succeed him. Henry was a pious and diligent prince, and very kind to his subjects. By his arms he checked the insolence of invading neighboring armies, and enlarged his dominions by adding to them Bavaria. Saint Mathilda, during those years, gained over the enemies of God spiritual victories yet more worthy of a Christian and far greater in the eyes of heaven. Blessed with five children, whom she raised in the fear of God, she nourished in their souls the precious seeds of devotion and humility through prayer and good works. It was her delight to visit, comfort, and exhort the sick and the afflicted; to serve and instruct the poor, and to afford her charitable assistance to prisoners. Her husband, edified by her example, concurred with her in every pious undertaking which she proposed, and his military victories served for the propagation of the Gospel in pagan lands. The two sovereigns labored concertedly for the reign of justice in all their domains, and for the happiness and welfare of their subjects, constructing hospitals, churches and monasteries. Their three sons became Saint Bruno, Archbishop of Cologne; Otto the Great, who succeeded his father as emperor of Germany; and Henry, Duke of Bavaria. The two daughters married Louis d'Outremer, King of France, and Hugh Capet, first of the Capetian race of French kings. After twenty-three years of marriage God was pleased in the year 936 to call the king to Himself. Before his death, he thanked his worthy companion for having moderated his sometimes too-severe justice, and praised her in the presence of the entire court. Saint Mathilda persevered long in prayer, continuing her good works as before, but could not avoid the difficulties which jealousy of sovereigns almost invariably provokes. She was successfully accused to her own son, Otto, of concealing great riches, and he caused guards to be posted around her, and he led his brother Henry into his own error, to oblige her to leave the court. Without bitterness towards them, she took refuge elsewhere. Eventually Edith, wife of Otto, saw in the mortal illness threatening Henry, a sign of God's anger provoked by their conduct toward their mother, and recommended the return of Saint Mathilda. Her sons begged her pardon with tears, and afterwards perfect understanding reigned between the mother and sons. Henry died not long afterwards, and his mother thereafter retired almost completely from court life to concern herself with the care of prisoners, the poor and the sick, and the construction of a very large monastery for women at Nordhausen. Eventually she herself entered it, and on March 14, 968, after spending her final years in prayer and penance, she died lying on the floor, having spread ashes upon her head herself. She was venerated as a Saint immediately after her death. Reflection. The beginning of true virtue is to desire it ardently, and to ask it of God with perseverance and earnestness. Fervent prayer, holy meditation, and reading of pious books are the principal means by which the interior life and virtue must be constantly strengthened. Les Petits Bollandistes: Vies des Saints, by Msgr. Paul Guérin (Bloud et Barral: Paris, 1882), Vol. 3; The Catholic Encyclopedia, edited by C. G. Herbermann with numerous collaborators (Appleton Company: New York, 1908); Little Pictorial Lives of the Saints, a compilation based on Butler's Lives of the Saints and other sources by John Gilmary Shea (Benziger Brothers: New York, 1894)